add export pipeline: BigQuery → GCS → Hetzner S3 (roda.sh)
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527
roda.sh
Executable file
527
roda.sh
Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# =============================================================================
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# export_basedosdados.sh
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# Exports all basedosdados BigQuery tables → GCS (Parquet+zstd) → Hetzner Object Storage
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#
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# Prerequisites (run once before this script):
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# gcloud auth login
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# gcloud auth application-default login
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# gcloud config set project YOUR_PROJECT_ID
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# cp .env.example .env # then fill in your values
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#
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# Usage:
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# chmod +x export_basedosdados.sh
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# ./export_basedosdados.sh # full run (locally)
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# ./export_basedosdados.sh --dry-run # list tables + estimated sizes, no export
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# ./export_basedosdados.sh --gcloud-run # create GCP VM → run there → delete VM
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# =============================================================================
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set -euo pipefail
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# Add util-linux to PATH on macOS (provides flock)
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[[ -d "/opt/homebrew/opt/util-linux/bin" ]] && export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/util-linux/bin:$PATH"
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# Load .env if present
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if [[ -f "$(dirname "$0")/.env" ]]; then
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set -a
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# shellcheck source=.env
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source "$(dirname "$0")/.env"
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set +a
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fi
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DRY_RUN=false
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GCLOUD_RUN=false
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if [[ "${1:-}" == "--dry-run" ]]; then
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DRY_RUN=true
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elif [[ "${1:-}" == "--gcloud-run" ]]; then
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GCLOUD_RUN=true
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fi
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# LOGGING
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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LOG_FILE="export_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
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FAILED_FILE="failed_tables.txt"
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DONE_FILE="done_tables.txt"
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DONE_TRANSFERS_FILE="done_transfers.txt"
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log() { echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"; }
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log_err() { echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] ERROR: $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >&2; }
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 0 — Verify dependencies
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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log "Checking dependencies..."
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if $GCLOUD_RUN; then
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for cmd in gcloud; do
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if ! command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null; then
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log_err "'$cmd' not found. Install google-cloud-sdk."
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exit 1
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fi
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done
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else
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for cmd in bq gcloud gsutil parallel rclone flock; do
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if ! command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null; then
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log_err "'$cmd' not found. Install google-cloud-sdk, GNU parallel, and rclone."
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exit 1
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fi
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done
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fi
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# Validate S3 credentials
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if [[ -z "${AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:-}" || -z "${AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:-}" ]]; then
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log_err "Credenciais S3 não encontradas. Preencha o .env com AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID e AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY."
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exit 1
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fi
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# Configure rclone remotes via env vars — no rclone.conf or inline credentials needed.
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# GCS remote (bd:) uses Application Default Credentials from gcloud auth application-default login.
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# Hetzner S3 remote (hz:) uses the credentials from .env, kept out of the process command line.
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_BD_TYPE="google cloud storage"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_BD_BUCKET_POLICY_ONLY="true"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_HZ_TYPE="s3"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_HZ_PROVIDER="Other"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_HZ_ENDPOINT="$HETZNER_S3_ENDPOINT"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_HZ_ACCESS_KEY_ID="$AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"
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export RCLONE_CONFIG_HZ_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="$AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"
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# =============================================================================
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# GCLOUD RUN — create a Compute Engine VM, run the export there, then clean up
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# =============================================================================
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if $GCLOUD_RUN; then
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VM_NAME="${GCP_VM_NAME:-bd-export-vm}"
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VM_ZONE="${GCP_VM_ZONE:-us-central1-a}"
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SCRIPT_PATH="$(realpath "$0")"
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ENV_PATH="$(dirname "$SCRIPT_PATH")/.env"
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log "=============================="
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log " GCLOUD RUN MODE"
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log "=============================="
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# ── Step 1/4: Create instance ───────────────────────────────────────────
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log "[1/4] Creating VM: $VM_NAME ($VM_ZONE) ..."
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if gcloud compute instances describe "$VM_NAME" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" --project="$YOUR_PROJECT" &>/dev/null; then
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log " VM already exists, reusing it."
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else
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gcloud compute instances create "$VM_NAME" \
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--project="$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" \
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--machine-type=e2-standard-4 \
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--image-family=debian-12 \
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--image-project=debian-cloud \
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--boot-disk-size=20GB \
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--scopes=cloud-platform
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log " VM created."
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fi
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# ── Step 2/4: Wait for SSH + copy files ────────────────────────────────
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log "[2/4] Waiting for SSH and copying files..."
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for i in {1..18}; do
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if gcloud compute ssh "$VM_NAME" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" --project="$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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--command="echo ready" 2>/dev/null; then
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break
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fi
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log " SSH not ready yet ($i/18), retrying in 10s..."
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sleep 10
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done
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gcloud compute scp "$SCRIPT_PATH" "$ENV_PATH" \
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"$VM_NAME:~/" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" \
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--project="$YOUR_PROJECT"
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log " Files copied."
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# ── Step 3/4: Install dependencies ─────────────────────────────────────
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log "[3/4] Installing dependencies on VM (~2 min)..."
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gcloud compute ssh "$VM_NAME" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" \
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--project="$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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--command="bash -s" <<'REMOTE_SETUP'
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set -euo pipefail
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export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
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sudo apt-get update -qq
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sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates gnupg curl parallel rclone
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curl -fsSL https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg \
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| sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/cloud.google.gpg
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echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cloud.google.gpg] https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt cloud-sdk main" \
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| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-cloud-sdk.list >/dev/null
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sudo apt-get update -qq
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sudo apt-get install -y google-cloud-cli
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chmod +x ~/roda.sh
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echo "Dependencies installed."
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REMOTE_SETUP
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log " Dependencies ready."
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# ── Step 4/4: Run the export script interactively ──────────────────────
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log "[4/4] Launching roda.sh on VM — answer prompts as they appear."
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gcloud compute ssh "$VM_NAME" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" \
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--project="$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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-- bash ~/roda.sh
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# ── Cleanup: Delete VM ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
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echo ""
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echo "============================================================"
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echo " CLEANUP"
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echo "============================================================"
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read -rp "Delete VM instance $VM_NAME? [y/N] " del_vm
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if [[ "$del_vm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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log "Deleting VM $VM_NAME ..."
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gcloud compute instances delete "$VM_NAME" \
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--zone="$VM_ZONE" \
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--project="$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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--quiet
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log "VM deleted."
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else
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log "VM kept. To delete manually:"
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log " gcloud compute instances delete $VM_NAME --zone=$VM_ZONE --project=$YOUR_PROJECT"
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fi
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exit 0
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fi
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 1 — Create GCS bucket in US region (same as basedosdados)
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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if $DRY_RUN; then
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log "[DRY RUN] Would create GCS bucket: gs://$BUCKET_NAME in region $BUCKET_REGION"
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else
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log "Creating GCS bucket: gs://$BUCKET_NAME in region $BUCKET_REGION"
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if gsutil ls "gs://$BUCKET_NAME" &>/dev/null; then
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log "Bucket already exists, skipping creation."
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else
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gsutil mb \
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-p "$YOUR_PROJECT" \
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-l "$BUCKET_REGION" \
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-b on \
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"gs://$BUCKET_NAME"
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log "Bucket created: gs://$BUCKET_NAME"
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fi
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fi
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# Resume support: load already-done tables/transfers
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touch "$DONE_FILE" "$FAILED_FILE" "$DONE_TRANSFERS_FILE"
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 2 — Build the full table list from the basedosdados project
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#
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# We auto-discover all datasets and tables via the BQ API so we don't rely
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# on a hardcoded list. This also detects any new tables added since the
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# tables-summary.md was written.
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#
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# Atomicity: we write to a .tmp file and mv it into place only on success,
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# so an interrupted run never leaves a partial list behind.
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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log "Discovering all datasets in project: $SOURCE_PROJECT ..."
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TABLE_LIST_FILE="all_tables.txt"
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TABLE_LIST_TMP="${TABLE_LIST_FILE}.tmp"
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if [[ ! -f "$TABLE_LIST_FILE" ]]; then
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bq ls --project_id="$SOURCE_PROJECT" --max_results=10000 --format=json 2>/dev/null \
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| python3 -c "
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import json, sys
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datasets = json.load(sys.stdin)
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for ds in datasets:
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print(ds['datasetReference']['datasetId'])
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" > /tmp/datasets.txt
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log "Found $(wc -l < /tmp/datasets.txt) datasets. Listing tables in parallel..."
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TMP_TABLE_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
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list_dataset_tables() {
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local dataset="$1"
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local source="$2"
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local tmp_dir="$3"
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bq ls \
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--project_id="$source" \
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--dataset_id="$source:$dataset" \
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--max_results=10000 \
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--format=json 2>/dev/null \
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| python3 -c "
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import json, sys
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data = sys.stdin.read()
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if not data.strip():
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sys.exit(0)
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for t in json.loads(data):
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ref = t.get('tableReference', {})
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if t.get('type') in ('TABLE', 'EXTERNAL'):
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print(ref['datasetId'] + '.' + ref['tableId'])
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" > "$tmp_dir/$dataset.txt"
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}
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export -f list_dataset_tables
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parallel --jobs 16 list_dataset_tables {} "$SOURCE_PROJECT" "$TMP_TABLE_DIR" < /tmp/datasets.txt
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cat "$TMP_TABLE_DIR"/*.txt | sort > "$TABLE_LIST_TMP"
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rm -rf "$TMP_TABLE_DIR"
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mv "$TABLE_LIST_TMP" "$TABLE_LIST_FILE"
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log "Total tables discovered: $(wc -l < "$TABLE_LIST_FILE")"
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else
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log "Reusing existing table list: $TABLE_LIST_FILE ($(wc -l < "$TABLE_LIST_FILE") tables)"
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fi
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# DRY RUN — show table count and exit
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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if $DRY_RUN; then
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TOTAL=$(wc -l < "$TABLE_LIST_FILE")
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log "[DRY RUN] $TOTAL tables found. No exports will run."
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log "[DRY RUN] Estimating total size via bq show in parallel (this may take a while)..."
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get_table_bytes() {
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local table="$1"
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local source="$2"
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local dataset table_id
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dataset=$(echo "$table" | cut -d. -f1)
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table_id=$(echo "$table" | cut -d. -f2)
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bq show --format=json "${source}:${dataset}.${table_id}" 2>/dev/null \
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| python3 -c "import json,sys; d=json.load(sys.stdin); print(d.get('numBytes','0'))" 2>/dev/null \
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|| echo 0
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}
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export -f get_table_bytes
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TOTAL_BYTES=$(parallel --jobs 16 get_table_bytes {} "$SOURCE_PROJECT" < "$TABLE_LIST_FILE" \
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| awk '{s+=$1} END{print s+0}')
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TOTAL_GB=$(echo "scale=2; $TOTAL_BYTES / 1073741824" | bc)
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# Parquet+zstd typically compresses structured data 5–10x vs BigQuery's raw numBytes
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COMPRESSED_LOW=$(echo "scale=2; $TOTAL_GB / 10" | bc)
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COMPRESSED_HIGH=$(echo "scale=2; $TOTAL_GB / 5" | bc)
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EGRESS_LOW=$(echo "scale=2; $COMPRESSED_LOW * 0.08" | bc)
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EGRESS_HIGH=$(echo "scale=2; $COMPRESSED_HIGH * 0.12" | bc)
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log "[DRY RUN] BigQuery raw size (uncompressed): ~${TOTAL_GB} GB"
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log "[DRY RUN] Estimated Parquet+zstd size: ~${COMPRESSED_LOW}–${COMPRESSED_HIGH} GB"
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log "[DRY RUN] Estimated GCS→Hetzner egress cost: USD ${EGRESS_LOW}–${EGRESS_HIGH}"
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log "[DRY RUN] Done. Remove --dry-run to start the actual export."
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exit 0
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fi
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# COST WARNING — confirm before starting export
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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echo ""
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echo "============================================================"
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echo " COST WARNING"
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echo " Transferring data from GCS to Hetzner costs ~\$0.08-0.12/GB"
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echo " in internet egress fees charged to: $YOUR_PROJECT"
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echo " Run with --dry-run first to estimate the total size."
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echo "============================================================"
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echo ""
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read -rp "Press ENTER to start the export, or Ctrl+C to abort: "
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 3 — Export function (called in parallel)
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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export_table() {
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local table="$1"
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local bucket="$2"
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local project="$3"
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local source="$4"
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local done_file="$5"
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local failed_file="$6"
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local log_file="$7"
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# Skip if already done
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if grep -qxF "$table" "$done_file" 2>/dev/null; then
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echo "[SKIP] $table (already exported)" >> "$log_file"
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return 0
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fi
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local dataset table_id gcs_prefix
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dataset=$(echo "$table" | cut -d. -f1)
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table_id=$(echo "$table" | cut -d. -f2)
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gcs_prefix="gs://$bucket/$dataset/$table_id"
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echo "[START] Exporting $source:$table → $gcs_prefix/*.parquet" >> "$log_file"
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# Run bq extract with retry (up to 3 attempts)
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# Skip retries immediately if the error is a known incompatible type
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local attempt=0
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local success=false
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local output
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while [[ $attempt -lt 3 ]]; do
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attempt=$((attempt + 1))
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output=$(bq extract \
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--project_id="$project" \
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--destination_format=PARQUET \
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--compression=ZSTD \
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--location=US \
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"${source}:${dataset}.${table_id}" \
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"${gcs_prefix}/*.parquet" \
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2>&1)
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local exit_code=$?
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echo "$output" >> "$log_file"
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if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
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success=true
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break
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fi
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# Detect permanently incompatible types — no point retrying
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if echo "$output" | grep -qi "not supported\|unsupported type\|GEOGRAPHY\|JSON type"; then
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echo "[SKIP_INCOMPATIBLE] $table — unsupported column type, skipping retries" >> "$log_file"
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flock "$failed_file" bash -c "echo '[INCOMPATIBLE] $table' >> '$failed_file'"
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return 0
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fi
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# Detect access/permission errors — no point retrying
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if echo "$output" | grep -qi "access denied\|permission denied\|not authorized\|403\|does not exist\|Not found"; then
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echo "[SKIP_ACCESS] $table — access denied or not found, skipping retries" >> "$log_file"
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flock "$failed_file" bash -c "echo '[ACCESS_DENIED] $table' >> '$failed_file'"
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return 0
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fi
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echo "[RETRY $attempt/3] $table" >> "$log_file"
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sleep $((attempt * 10))
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done
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if $success; then
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# flock prevents race condition when multiple workers write concurrently
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flock "$done_file" bash -c "echo '$table' >> '$done_file'"
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echo "[DONE] $table" >> "$log_file"
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else
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flock "$failed_file" bash -c "echo '$table' >> '$failed_file'"
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echo "[FAIL] $table after 3 attempts" >> "$log_file"
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fi
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}
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export -f export_table
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 4 — Run exports in parallel
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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log "Starting parallel exports ($PARALLEL_EXPORTS workers)..."
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log "Progress is logged to: $LOG_FILE"
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log "Failed tables will be written to: $FAILED_FILE"
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# Filter out already-done tables
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comm -23 \
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<(sort "$TABLE_LIST_FILE") \
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<(sort "$DONE_FILE") \
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| parallel \
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--jobs "$PARALLEL_EXPORTS" \
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--progress \
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--bar \
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export_table {} "$BUCKET_NAME" "$YOUR_PROJECT" "$SOURCE_PROJECT" \
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"$DONE_FILE" "$FAILED_FILE" "$LOG_FILE" \
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|| true # failures are tracked in $FAILED_FILE; don't let parallel's exit code abort the script
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TOTAL=$(wc -l < "$TABLE_LIST_FILE")
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DONE=$(wc -l < "$DONE_FILE")
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FAILED=$(wc -l < "$FAILED_FILE")
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log "Export phase complete: $DONE/$TOTAL done, $FAILED failed"
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if [[ $FAILED -gt 0 ]]; then
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log "Failed tables:"
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cat "$FAILED_FILE" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
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log "To retry failed tables only, run: bash $0 --retry-failed"
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fi
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# STEP 5 — Transfer GCS → Hetzner Object Storage via rclone (no local staging)
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#
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# rclone streams data directly between GCS and S3 through RAM only —
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# no local disk required.
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||||
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
log "Starting transfer to Hetzner Object Storage ($HETZNER_S3_ENDPOINT)..."
|
||||
|
||||
TRANSFER_LOG_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
|
||||
# Compute total datasets in GCS bucket once (used for progress display)
|
||||
TRANSFER_TOTAL=$(gsutil ls "gs://$BUCKET_NAME/" | wc -l)
|
||||
export TRANSFER_TOTAL
|
||||
|
||||
download_dataset() {
|
||||
local dataset="$1"
|
||||
local bucket="$2"
|
||||
local s3_bucket="$3"
|
||||
local s3_concurrency="$4"
|
||||
local done_transfers_file="$5"
|
||||
local log_dir="$6"
|
||||
local total="$7"
|
||||
local dataset_log="$log_dir/${dataset}.log"
|
||||
|
||||
# Resume: skip datasets already transferred
|
||||
if grep -qxF "$dataset" "$done_transfers_file" 2>/dev/null; then
|
||||
echo "[SKIP_TRANSFER] $dataset (already transferred)" > "$dataset_log"
|
||||
return 0
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
echo "[TRANSFER] gs://$bucket/$dataset/ → hz:$s3_bucket/$dataset/" > "$dataset_log"
|
||||
|
||||
# Named remotes bd: (GCS) and hz: (Hetzner S3) are configured via RCLONE_CONFIG_* env vars
|
||||
if rclone copy \
|
||||
"bd:$bucket/$dataset/" \
|
||||
"hz:$s3_bucket/$dataset/" \
|
||||
--transfers "$s3_concurrency" \
|
||||
--s3-upload-concurrency "$s3_concurrency" \
|
||||
--progress \
|
||||
>> "$dataset_log" 2>&1; then
|
||||
flock "$done_transfers_file" bash -c "echo '$dataset' >> '$done_transfers_file'"
|
||||
echo "[TRANSFERRED] $dataset" >> "$dataset_log"
|
||||
local done_count
|
||||
done_count=$(wc -l < "$done_transfers_file")
|
||||
local pct=$(( done_count * 100 / total ))
|
||||
echo "[${done_count}/${total}] ${pct}% datasets transferidos"
|
||||
else
|
||||
echo "[TRANSFER FAIL] rclone failed for $dataset" >> "$dataset_log"
|
||||
return 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export -f download_dataset
|
||||
|
||||
# Get list of exported datasets, skipping already-transferred ones
|
||||
comm -23 \
|
||||
<(gsutil ls "gs://$BUCKET_NAME/" | sed 's|gs://[^/]*/||;s|/||' | sort -u) \
|
||||
<(sort "$DONE_TRANSFERS_FILE") \
|
||||
| parallel \
|
||||
--jobs "$PARALLEL_UPLOADS" \
|
||||
download_dataset {} "$BUCKET_NAME" "$HETZNER_S3_BUCKET" "$S3_CONCURRENCY" "$DONE_TRANSFERS_FILE" "$TRANSFER_LOG_DIR" "$TRANSFER_TOTAL" \
|
||||
|| true # failures are tracked per-dataset; don't abort
|
||||
|
||||
# Merge per-dataset logs into main log in order
|
||||
for f in $(ls "$TRANSFER_LOG_DIR"/*.log 2>/dev/null | sort); do
|
||||
cat "$f" >> "$LOG_FILE"
|
||||
done
|
||||
rm -rf "$TRANSFER_LOG_DIR"
|
||||
|
||||
log "Transfer complete."
|
||||
|
||||
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
# STEP 6 — Verify file counts on Hetzner Object Storage vs GCS
|
||||
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
log "Verifying file counts..."
|
||||
GCS_COUNT=$(gsutil ls -r "gs://$BUCKET_NAME/**" | grep '\.parquet$' | wc -l)
|
||||
S3_COUNT=$(rclone ls "hz:$HETZNER_S3_BUCKET" 2>/dev/null | grep '\.parquet$' | wc -l)
|
||||
|
||||
log "GCS parquet files: $GCS_COUNT"
|
||||
log "S3 parquet files: $S3_COUNT"
|
||||
|
||||
if [[ "$GCS_COUNT" -eq "$S3_COUNT" ]]; then
|
||||
log "File counts match. Transfer verified."
|
||||
else
|
||||
log_err "Count mismatch! GCS=$GCS_COUNT S3=$S3_COUNT"
|
||||
log_err "Re-run the script to resume failed datasets or check $LOG_FILE for errors."
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
# STEP 7 — Clean up GCS bucket to stop storage charges
|
||||
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
read -rp "Delete GCS bucket gs://$BUCKET_NAME to stop storage charges? [y/N] " confirm
|
||||
if [[ "$confirm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
|
||||
log "Deleting bucket gs://$BUCKET_NAME ..."
|
||||
gsutil -m rm -r "gs://$BUCKET_NAME"
|
||||
gsutil rb "gs://$BUCKET_NAME"
|
||||
log "Bucket deleted. Storage charges stopped."
|
||||
else
|
||||
log "Bucket kept. Remember to delete it later: gsutil -m rm -r gs://$BUCKET_NAME && gsutil rb gs://$BUCKET_NAME"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
log "All done! Data is at s3://$HETZNER_S3_BUCKET/ ($HETZNER_S3_ENDPOINT)"
|
||||
log "Total exported: $DONE tables | Failed: $FAILED tables"
|
||||
log "See $LOG_FILE for full details."
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user